May 24, 2019 Volume 25, Number 21 |
General Interest |
Theme: Mental Health |
Revisited |
Tech Tools |
In the News |
General InterestBack to Top | |
Theme: Mental HealthBack to Top | |
RevisitedBack to Top | |
Tech ToolsBack to Top | |
In the NewsBack to Top | |
New Study Reveals How Peacock Spiders Produce Their Super-Black Spots | |
A Nanoscale Light Trick Is the Key to Peacock Spiders' Super-Black Spots Peacock spiders' super-black spots reflect just 0.5 percent of light Structurally assisted super black in colorful peacock spiders Super-Black Is the New Black PeacockSpiderman Science Friday: Spotlight Arachnology Peacock spiders, a type of Australian jumping spider in the genus Maratus, are known for their elaborate mating dances and named for their brilliantly varied coloration. For some species, this coloration includes ultra-black spots on their abdomens that look much darker than an ordinary black object, but until recently, scientists did not know how those super-black colors were produced. In a new study published on May 15, 2019, in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, a team of researchers led by Dakota McCoy, an evolutionary biology graduate student at Harvard University, found that peacock spiders' remarkably deep shade of black is due to minuscule bumps called microlenses in the spiders' black spots. These microlenses manipulate how light is reflected and absorbed by the surface of the black patches, leading to all but 0.5 percent of the light that hits those patches being absorbed. As McCoy explains, this enhances the visibility of the adjacent colors and creates an "optical illusion that the colors are so bright ... they're practically glowing." McCoy's research on super-black peacock spiders is comparable to her previous studies on birds-of-paradise with similarly deep black feathers, leading the researchers to hypothesize that these super-black colors may have evolved convergently in both species "through a shared sensory bias intrinsic to colour perception." [JDC] The first two links lead to recent news articles about this study, written respectively by Jason Daley for Smithsonian.com and Carolyn Wilke for Science News. Those who would like to read the study itself will find its full text available at the third link. For readers interested in McCoy's related research on super-black birds of paradise, the fourth link leads to an article written by Ed Yong for The Atlantic in 2018. Those who are captivated by these colorful spiders should visit the fifth link, which leads to entomologist Jurgen Otto's YouTube channel, featuring numerous videos of the courtship dances of multiple species of peacock spiders. Finally, the sixth link leads to Science Friday's spotlight on arachnology, where readers interested in the study of spiders will find radio segments, videos, articles, and educational resources on these fascinating and ecologically important creatures. |